Technology

RNAscope™ ISH as a validation tool for high-throughput transcriptomic analyses

High-throughput transcriptomic analyses, such as microarray, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and NanoString nCounter, enable researchers to study the complete set of RNA transcripts produced by the genome. These analyses can generate a wealth of data, but most often need to be validated within the tissue microenvironment. RNAscope™ ISH and the recently introduced (Aug 2016) BaseScope™ ISH assays can both be applied as methods to validate high-throughput findings at the single cell level with spatial information in tissue.

RNAscope ISH has been cited in many publications as a validation tool applied downstream of discoveries made with NGS, Microarrays, NanoString nCounter.

Validate and localize expression of your transcriptomic results. We can provide consultation.

Wnt / β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

WNT B-Catenin Pathway

 

Pathway information and image are provided courtesy of R&D Systems, a Bio-Techne Brand. A high resolution and interactive image of this pathway is available on their website

 

Wnt / β-Catenin Signaling Pathway Genes

(Click on the name to access corresponding RNAscope™ Catalog Probes)

 

 

 

** If your gene of interest is not listed or is listed above but there is no catalog probe targeting your species of choice,  ACD can design and manufacture new probes in 2 weeks.

Request New Probes

 

Related Publications

There are over 40 publications citing both the WNT gene and RNAscope ISH.

Detect RNA expression with preserved morphological context with RNAscope™ ISH

HIV/SIV Research

Despite the success of anti-retroviral therapy (ART), the persistence of HIV reservoirs is a major barrier to overcome before finding a lasting cure. In order to completely eradicate HIV and advance therapeutic interventions, it is important to determine the biological nature of viral latency as well as productively infected cells in tissues including the gastrointestinal tract and those of the lymphatic system.

RNAscope® Catalog Probes Targeting HIV: 

(Listed below are probes for manual RNAscope assay. Corresponding probes for automated assays are also available. )

Target species & region

Cat. No & Probe Description

HIV1

Targeting Env, Gag, Pol genes

450141       Probe-V-HIV1-env

450151       Probe-V-HIV1-env-sense

311921       Probe-V-HIV1 (Gag)

446211-C2 Probe-V-HIV1-Gag-C2

317691       Probe-V-HIV1-gagpol

317701       Probe-V-HIV1-gagpol-sense

317701-C2 Probe-V-HIV1-gagpol-sense-C2

445651       Probe-V-HIV1-gagpol-sense-scrambled

445651-C2 Probe-V-HIV1-gagpol-sense-scrambled-C2

HIV1,

Excluding Gag and Pol genes

317711       Probe-V-HIV1-nongagpol

317711-C2 Probe-V-HIV1-nongagpol-C2

453631       Probe-V-HIV1-nongagpol-scrambled

317721       Probe-V-HIV1-nongagpol-sense

317721-C3 Probe-V-HIV1-nongagpol-sense-C3

445661       Probe-V-HIV1-nongagpol-sense-scrambled

HIV1,

Subtype A

416101       Probe-V-HIV1-CladeA

426341       Probe-V-HIV1-CladeA-sense

HIV1,

Subtype B

416111       Probe-V-HIV1-CladeB

416111-C2 Probe-V-HIV1-CladeB-C2

444051       Probe-V-HIV1-CladeB-gag-pol-sense

447711       Probe-V-HIV1-CladeB-scrambled

425531       Probe-V-HIV1-CladeB-sense

425531-C2 Probe-V-HIV1-CladeB-sense-C2

425531-C3 Probe-V-HIV1-CladeB-sense-C3

444061-C2 Probe-V-HIV1-CladeB-vif-vpr-tat-rev-vpu-env-nef-tar-C2

HIV1,

Subtype C

429841       Probe-V-HIV1-CladeC

444021       Probe-V-HIV1-CladeC-gag-pol-sense

430171       Probe-V-HIV1-CladeC-sense

444041-C2 Probe-V-HIV1-CladeC-vif-vpr-rev-vpu-env-nef-tar-C2

HIV1,

Subtype D

416121       Probe-V-HIV1-CladeD

426351       Probe-V-HIV1-CladeD-sense

HIV1,

Subtype AE

446551       Probe-V-HIV-CladeAE

444011       Probe-V-HIV1-CladeAE-gag-pol-sense

444031-C2  Probe-V-HIV1-CladeAE-vif-vpr-tat-rev-vpu-env-nef-tar-C2

HIV2

446221-C3  Probe-V-HIV2-gag-C3

 

RNAscope® Catalog Probes Targeting SIV: 

(Listed below are probes for manual RNAscope assay. Corresponding probes for automated assays are also available. )

Target SIV strain

Cat. No & Probe Description

SIV-Mac329

(rhesus monkey, Macaca mulatta)

312811        Probe-SIVmac239

312811-C2  Probe-SIVmac239-C2

314071        Probe-SIVmac239-sense

314071-C2  Probe-SIVmac239-sense-C2

314451        Probe-SIVmac239-gag

445431        Probe-V-SIVmac239-rev-env

445441        Probe-V-SIVmac239-vif-vpr-tat

416131        Probe-V-SIVmac239-vif-env-nef-tar

416131-C2  Probe-V-SIVmac239-vif-env-nef-tar-C2

416141        Probe-V-SIVmac239-gag-pol-sense

416141-C2  Probe-V-SIVmac239-gag-pol-sense-C2

459071-C3  Probe-V-SIVmac239-vif-env-nef-tar-sense-C3

SIV-amg

(african green monkey, Cercopithecus aethiops)

431811       Probe-V-SIV-gag

431821       Probe-V-SIV-pol

431831       Probe-V-SIV-rev-env

431841       Probe-V-SIV-vif-vpr-tat

432081       Probe-V-SIV

SIV-sm sooty mangabey

(sooty mangabey, Cercocebus atys)

415351       Probe-V-SIVsmm

To target other HIV/SIV strains or regions, ACD can design and manufacture MADE-TO-ORDER Probes  in just 2 weeks. 

Related Publications

Recent publications where RNAscope™ assay was used to detect HIV or SIV.

TitleAuthorsJournalPubMed IDYear
The meningeal lymphatic system: a route for HIV brain migration?Lamers SL, Rose R, Ndhlovu LC, Nolan DJ, Salemi M, Maidji E, Stoddart CA, McGrath MS.J Neurovirol. 2015 Nov 16.PMID: 265727852015
CD4 depletion in SIV-infected macaques results in macrophage and microglia infection with rapid turnover of infected cells.Micci L, Alvarez X, Iriele RI, Ortiz AM, Ryan ES, McGary CS, Deleage C, McAtee BB, He T, Apetrei C, Easley K, Pahwa S, Collman RG, Derdeyn CA, Davenport MP, Estes JD, Silvestri G, Lackner AA, Paiardini M.PLoS Pathog. 2014 Oct 30;10(10):e1004467.PMID: 25356757 | doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004467.2014
B cell follicle sanctuary permits persistent productive simian immunodeficiency virus infection in elite controllers.Fukazawa Y, Lum R, Okoye AA, Park H, Matsuda K, Bae JY, Hagen SI, Shoemaker R, Deleage C, Lucero C, Morcock D, Swanson T, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Hesselgesser J, Geleziunas R, Hirsch VM, Edlefsen PT, Piatak M Jr, Estes JD, Lifson JD, Picker LJ.Nat Med. 2015 Jan 19.PMID: 25599132 | doi: 10.1038/nm.3781.2015
Effect of Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid (SAHA) Administration on the Residual Virus Pool in a Model of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy-Mediated Suppression in SIVmac239-Infected Indian Rhesus Macaques.Del Prete GQ, Shoemaker R, Oswald K, Lara A, Trubey CM, Fast R, Schneider DK, Kiser R, Coalter V, Wiles A, Wiles R, Freemire B, Keele BF, Estes JD, Quiñones OA, Smedley J, Macallister R, Sanchez RI, Wai JS, Tan CM, Alvord WG, Hazuda DJ, Piatak M Jr, Lifson JD.Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2014 Nov;58(11):6790-806.PMID: 25182644 |doi: 10.1128/AAC.03746-14.2014
Tracking the Luminal Exposure and Lymphatic Drainage Pathways of Intravaginal and Intrarectal Inocula Used in Nonhuman Primate Models of HIV Transmission.Smedley J, Turkbey B, Bernardo ML, Del Prete GQ, Estes JD, Griffiths GL, Kobayashi H, Choyke PL, Lifson JD, Keele BF.PLoS One. 2014 Mar 25;9(3):e92830.PMID: 24667371 | doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092830.2014
Administration of Panobinostat Is Associated with Increased IL-17A mRNA in the Intestinal Epithelium of HIV-1 PatientsChristensen AB, Dige A, Vad-Nielsen J, Brinkmann CR, Bendix M, Østergaard L, Tolstrup M, Søgaard OS, Rasmussen TA, Nyengaard JR, Agnholt J, Denton PW.Mediators of Inflammation (2015)http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/1206052015

Zika Virus Research

As a result of the Zika virus outbreak, researchers are accelerating research into the biology of the virus and the pathology of human infection with the goals of understanding the causes of the clinical syndrome, developing reliable detection methods and finding effective treatments.  

Featured Publications

A number of key customers have used the RNAscope™ ISH Assay in their published research findings. 

 

Date/JournalTitle and details

July 2016

Read it in the news

 

New England Journal of Medicine

Miscarriage associated with Zika virus infection

van der Eijk AA et al detected ZIKA viral RNA with the use of virus-specific RNAscope™ probes that revealed staining in the amniotic epithelium and the fetal mesenchymal cells, particularly in the perichondrium.

SEPT 2016

See the story

Cell Reports

Zika virus infection in mice causes panuveitis with shedding of virus in tears

Miner et al., 2016 detected Zika virus in eyes of mouse fetuses - specifically in the retina, optic nerve and cornea (figure 6)

SEPT 2016

Archives of Path & Lab Med

Placental pathology of Zika virus: viral infection of the placenta induces villous stromal macrophage proliferation and hyperplasia

Rosenberg et al (2017) applied in situ hybridization using a Zika virus RNAscope™ Probe 463781 demonstrated scattered, strongly positive staining cells within the villous stroma of the chorionic villi (Figure 4), which were presumably Hofbauer cells.

OCT 2016

Read it in the news

Nature Medicine

Zika viral dynamics and shedding in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques

Osuna et al used RNAscope™ ISH assay to study ZIKV dynamics and tropism in tissues.  Multiple anatomic tissues from each animal were prepared and analyzed by RNAscope, including lymph nodes (LNs) (inguinal, axillary, mesenteric), male genital tract (seminal vesicles, testes, prostate), female genital tract (uterus, ovaries), gastrointestinal tract (jejunum, colon), liver, kidney, bladder, lung, bone marrow and CNS (parietal lobe, basal nuclei, hippocampus, cerebellum) figure 4. The RNAscope probes with 87 Z pairs were designed against a consensus sequence comprise of 4 different genomes. 

OCT 2016

See the story

Nature

Zika virus infection damages the testes in mice

Govero et al (2016) used RNAscope™ Probe Catalog #467871 to determine Zika viral tropism.  RNAscope in situ hybridization (ISH) was applied to detect viral RNA at in cells of the testis at day 7 after infection (Fig 1), day 14 (Fig 2), day 21 (Fig 3) and day 28 (Fig 4). Cells of the testis include mature lumenal sperm, and on cilia layering the inner lumen of the epididymis. 

NOV 2016

Read it in the news

Nature

Neutralizing human antibodies prevent Zika virus replication and fetal disease in mice.

Sapparapu et al (2016) used RNAscope Probe 467771

 

DEC 2016

Read it in the news

Emerging Infectious Disease

Zika virus RNA replication and persistence in brain and placental tissue

Bhatnagar J et al (2017) used RNAscope Probes 468361 and 469541 (designed against the sense and anti-sense strands) and demonstrated not only detection of the virus but also detection of viral replication. They isolated the viral replication to neuronal cells in fetal brain tissues.

JAN 2017

 

PLOS

Neuropathogenesis of Zika Virus in a Highly Susceptible Immunocompetent Mouse Model after Antibody Blockade of Type I Interferon

Smith (2017) and a team of researchers at the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases applied RNAscope 2.5 HD RED to visualize Zika Virus in mouse models.  Their goal is to development of well-characterized animal models that recapitulate human disease. RNAscope ISH data was presented throughout the paper in Fig 3 (ZIKV in Cerebrum) . Fig 4 (ZIKV in hippocampus), Fig 5 (ZIKV in spinal cord), Fig 7 (ZIKV in spleen). Using this model, they provide a detailed description of the ZIKV-associated pathologic changes, which mirrors the neuropathogenic properties of ZIKV in humans.

ZIKA Virus Genome  Structure

The zika virus is a sense single-stranded RNA virus (sssRNA)  (also described as SSRNA positive sense virus, no DNA stage). Its  >10,000 bases code for three structural proteins (capsid (C), precursor membrane (prM), envelope (E) and seven nonstructural proteins (NS). The NS2A, NS2B, NS4A, and NS4B proteins are smaller, hydrophobic proteins while NS1, NS3, and NS5 are large and highly conserved.  

ACD can design RNAscope™ ISH probes against unique regions of these publically available sequences or proprietary sequences that you may have. We can design it to the sense or antii-sense strand.  Depending on your study, the probe design can target specific gene regions or span across the genome. We will also work with you to design positive and negative controls. 

We can provide full consultation for your Zika research project.

Immuno-oncology Research

The field of immuno-oncology (IO) and cancer immunotherapy has expanded rapidly in recent years with promising clinical results by immune checkpoint inhibitors and other therapeutic approaches such as cancer vaccines and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy.

Application note

ACD evaluated the performance of the RNAscope assay in the detection of a wide range of important immuno-oncology markers, including 12 immune checkpoint markers (i.e., PD-L1, CTLA-4, IDO1), 14 immune cell markers (i.e., CD3, CD4, CD8) and 24 immune function markers (i.e., IFNG,TGFB, IL6, CXCL10) in multiple FFPE human tumor samples.

Application Note

Application note "Detection of immune cell checkpoint and functional markers in the tumor microenvironment by the RNA in situ hybridization RNAscope assay'

Appendix

Appendix "Detection of immune cell checkpoint and functional markers in the tumor microenvironment by the RNA in situ hybridization RNAscope assay"

Research Solution: Preclinical safety assessment and animal model studies

Preclinical drug safety assessment in animal models is well established as a routine part of pharmaceutical drug development to evaluate the potential safety issues associated with novel therapeutic targets and corresponding lead molecules. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the method of choice for assessment of targets and toxicity-related biomarkers. However, systematic application of IHC is hindered by inconsistent performance of commercial antibodies, time-consuming antibody development and validation and general lack of reagents for some animal models. 

Drug Safety Assessment Poster Presentation

 

STP Poster 2015
"Fully Automated RNA in situ Hybridization for Proliferation and Apoptosis-related Biomarkers in Preclinical Animal Model Tissue Panels using RNAscope™ 2.5 LS Assay"

 

Application Note

Application Note "Robust detection of RNA biomarkers for drug safety assessment in preclinical animal models by fully automated RNAscope™ 2.5 LS Assay"

Appendix

Appendix "Robust detection of RNA biomarkers for drug safety assessment in preclinical animal models by fully automated RNAscope™ 2.5 LS Assay"

 

Why choose RNAscope ISH Technology?

The pioneering RNAscope ISH technology for single cell, spatial gene expression

Although in situ RNA detection techniques (ISH and FISH) have been around for years, they are largely ineffective. They lack robustness and sensitivity to reliably detect the expression of most human genes. Microarray and PCR are gold standard molecular methods for disease profiling, but clinically relevant information regarding cellular and tissue context, as well as spatial variation of the expression patterns, is lost in the process.

Inspired to solve these challenges, Scientists at Advanced Cell Diagnostics, a Bio-Techne brand, revolutionized the RNA in situ hybridization method and in 2011 introduced RNAscope ISH for detection of target RNA within intact cells. The assay represents a major advance in RNA ISH approaches, with its proprietary probe design that simultaneously amplify target-specific signals and suppress background noise from non-specific hybridization. Known for its sensitivity and specificity, RNAscope ISH is now a proven pioneering technology in the advancing field of spatial genomics, featured in over 10,000 publications across a multitude of research areas. ACD offers both comprehensive Professional Assay Services and single cell spatial gene expression technology for the assay to be conducted in research labs: kits, accessories and catalog probes for over 50,000 targets in over 140 species.

Learn More About RNAscope ISH

RNAscope™ Applications

RNAscope™ in situ hybridization assays are applicable to a wide variety of research applications. Browse our application library to learn how you can use RNAscope™ technology to better understand disease pathology, develop new research tools, and visualize signaling pathways in situ.

View library

Why use RNAscope ISH?

New advances in RNA in situ hybridization transforms molecular detection
with morphological context enabling scientists to extract new data dimensions

Researcher Spotlight

Interview with
Dr. Patricia Pesavento

Viral Pathogenesis

Read more interviews

Testimonials

"We have been using RNAscope™ ISH, and have obtained a very sensitive detection with essentially no background. Both Sales and Support staffs have been exceptional in providing assistance at all stages of the process, getting us from concept to labeled slide with timely and expert advice."

Steven H. Young, Ph.D.

Researcher, Division of Digestive

Disease Department of Medicine,

David Geffen School of Medicine

Read more

Publications

RNAscope technology has grown at an unprecedented rate - over 11,000 publications since 2011. Review, search or download the completed peer-reviewed publication list.

View full list

Research Solutions: No Antibodies Available

No Specific Antibody? No Problem.

It is known that over 70% of protein-coding genes have no reliable antibody available for immunohistochemistry (IHC). Often, the wait for new antibodies to be developed results in a longer-than expected project timeline.  By using our RNAscope™ in situ hybridization assays; with rapid probe design and universal assay workflows for any gene, you can bypass the frustrations of antibody screening, saving you precious time and effort, while also delivering publication quality data.

Now you can detect ANY RNA.

Research Solutions: Non-Coding RNA

In the most recent statistics from the GENCODE project (v29, October 2018), the human genome contains 23,643 non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes, surpassing the number of protein-coding genes (19,940). Of the non-coding RNA species, some 30% (7,577) are less than 200 bases long, termed as small non-coding RNA. They comprise of transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), as well as RNAs such as snoRNAs, microRNAs, siRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs and piRNA.

Dissecting the cellular and subcellular localization of lncRNAs in lung cancer with the RNAscope™ in situ hybridization assay

Fill out the form below to download the application note:

Publications

Long non-coding RNA chromogenic in situ hybridisation signal pattern correlation with breast tumour pathology

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