Cancer

Abnormal expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is involved in many pathological processes of cancers. However, the role of lncRNA LINC00052 in breast cancer progression is still unclear. Here, LINC00052 expression was detected by in situ hybridization and quantitative real-time PCR assays. Cell Counting Kit-8, wound healing, and transwell assays were used to investigate changes in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells. MiR-548p was found associated with LINC00052 or Notch2 by RNA pull-down, dual-luciferase reporter, and qRT-PCR assays.

Basaloid follicular hamartomas (BFH) are benign small basaloid skin tumors that can present as solitary or multiple lesions. Congenital BFH lesions arranged in a segmental distribution have been described, suggesting they derive from a somatic post-zygotic mutational event. Previously, BFH were described in Happle-Tinschert syndrome, which results from a post-zygotic SMO variant and is characterized by segmental BFH with variable involvement of the teeth, skeleton, and central nervous system. Here, we describe two patients with isolated segmental BFH and no systemic involvement.

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by germline mutations in the Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) gene, resulting in the development of numerous colorectal adenomas. As these patients have a high risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), guidelines suggest prophylactic colectomy during early adulthood, however, adenoma development is still observed in the remaining intestinal tract. Therefore, FAP patients would benefit from chemoprevention strategies reducing the development of adenomas.

CDX2 expression characterizes tumors of gastrointestinal origin, including those of intestinal-type differentiation. In dermatopathology, CDX2 expression is reported in four settings: cutaneous metastases from carcinomas of intestinal origin or differentiation, extramammary Paget's disease associated with an underlying colorectal or urothelial tumor, pilomatricomas and pilomatrical carcinomas, and rare primary cutaneous (adeno)squamous carcinomas with intestinal immunophenotype.

Primary female urethral carcinoma (PUC-F) accounts for less than 1% of all genitourinary malignancies and comprises a histologically diverse group of tumors that are usually associated with poor prognosis. The carcinomas documented at this site include adenocarcinoma (clear cell adenocarcinoma, columnar cell carcinoma and Skene gland adenocarcinoma), urothelial carcinoma (UCa) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Recent studies have shown adenocarcinomas to be the most common type of primary urethral carcinoma in females.

Murine papillomavirus, MmuPV1, causes natural infections in laboratory mice that can progress to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) making it a useful preclinical model to study the role of papillomaviruses in cancer. Papillomavirus can infect cells within hair follicles, which contain multiple epithelial progenitor cell populations, including Lgr5+ progenitors, and transgenic mice expressing human papillomavirus oncogenes develop tumors derived from Lgr5 progenitors.

Black men are two to three times more likely to die from prostate cancer (PCa) than White men. This disparity is due in part to discrepancies in socioeconomic status and access to quality care.

KLK4::KLKP1 fusion is a recently described pseudogene that is enriched in prostate cancer (PCa). This new biomarker has not been characterized in the Middle Eastern population.To establish the incidence and prognostic value of KLK4::KLKP1 fusion in a cohort of Middle Eastern men with PCa and explore the relationship of this marker to other relevant biomarkers (PTEN, ERG, SPINK1).We interrogated a cohort of 340 Middle Eastern men with localized PCa treated by radical prostatectomy between 2005 and 2015.

Background Patients with advanced squamous-cell lung cancer (SQCLC) frequently (46%) exhibit tumor overexpression of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). Rogaratinib is a novel oral pan-FGFR inhibitor with a good safety profile and anti-tumor activity in early clinical trials as a single agent in FGFR pathway-addicted tumors. SAKK 19/18 determined clinical activity of rogaratinib in patients with advanced SQCLC overexpressing FGFR1-3 mRNA.

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates various fundamental cellular events including cell proliferation, protein synthesis, metabolism, apoptosis, and autophagy. Tumor suppressive miR-99b-5p has been implicated in regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in a variety of types of cancer. Our previous study suggested the reciprocal miR-99b-5p/MTOR (downregulated/upregulated) pairing as a key microRNA-mRNA regulatory component involved in the prostate cancer (PCa) disparities.