Cancer

Claudin-2 is a trans-membrane protein-component of tight junctions in epithelial cells. Elevated claudin-2 expression has been reported in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Endothelial cells (ECs) are a key component of the tumor microenvironment. They have abnormal characteristics compared to the ECs in normal tissues.

Cervical low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) (aka cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, grade 1 [CIN1]) can present considerable diagnostic challenges and are associated with poor interobserver reproducibility and overdiagnosis. Furthermore, ancillary studies such as p16 immunohistochemistry have shown little utility in resolving the LSIL versus negative/reactive differential.

Immunohistochemistry remains the overwhelming technique of choice for test biomarker evaluation in both clinical or research settings when using formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. However, validations can be complex with significant issues about specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Novel therapies for castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) have been introduced in the clinic with possibilities for individualized treatment plans. Best practice of those expensive drugs requires predictive biomarker monitoring. This study used circulating biomarker analysis to follow cancer-derived transcripts implicated in therapy resistance.

METHOD:

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are well-recognized post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. This study examines the expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21) and lncRNA MALAT1 in medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs) and their effects on tumor behavior.

METHODS:

HPV infected cervical cells secrete mediators that are gradually changed and have influence on infiltrating M2 phenotypic monocytes in cervical lesions. However, profiles of circulating immune cells in women with cervical lesions and M2 phenotypic monocyte activity in HPV infected cervical lesions are limited. This study aimed to investigate circulating monocyte populations correlated with M2 phenotype density and its activity in HPV infected cervical lesions.

Summary
Purpose: To investigate the expression and relevant clinical and pathological significance of AT-rich interactive domaincontaining protein 1A (ARID1A) mRNA in endometriosisassociated ovarian cancer.
Methods: The clinical and pathological data of 63 patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) and of 43 patients with ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma (OEAC) were collected. The expression of ARID1A-encoded protein,

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1δ (PPM1D) is a p53-induced serine/threonine phosphatase, which is overexpressed in various human cancers. A recent study reported that the mutation in the PPM1D gene is associated with poor prognosis in brainstem gliomas. In this study, we evaluate the utility of PPM1D as a prognostic biomarker of adult supratentorial diffuse astrocytic and oligodenroglial tumors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The assessment of B-cell clonality is a critical component of the evaluation of suspected lymphoproliferative disorders, but analysis from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues can be challenging if fresh tissue is not available for flow cytometry.