Cancer

In recent years, considerable advances have been made in the characterization of protein-coding alterations involved in the pathogenesis of melanoma. However, despite their growing implication in cancer, little is known about the role of long non-coding RNAs in melanoma progression. We hypothesized that copy number alterations of intergenic non-protein coding domains could help identify long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) associated with metastatic cutaneous melanoma.

Introduction: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 15% of all lung cancers and has been understudied for novel therapies. Signaling through fibroblast growth factors (FGF2, FGF9) and their high-affinity receptor has recently emerged as a contributing factor in the pathogenesis and progression of non-small-cell lung cancer. In this study, we evaluated fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) and ligand expression in primary SCLC samples.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are dysregulated in many cancer types and are believed to play crucial roles in regulating several hallmarks of cancer biology. Currently, most studies support the concept that lncRNAs are involved in either transcriptional or post-transcriptional processes via binding/targeting epigenetic modifiers or hRNP complexes.

Although several new therapeutic approaches have improved outcomes in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, unmet need persists in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), multiple myeloma (MM) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Here we describe the proteomic identification of a novel cancer target, SAIL (Surface Antigen In Leukemia), whose expression is observed in AML, MM, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL).

Telomere lengths in normal human cells are tightly regulated within a narrow range. Telomere length abnormalities are prevalent genetic alterations in malignant transformation. We studied telomere length abnormalities, telomerase RNA component (TERC) expression, alpha-thalassemia X-linked mental retardation (ATRX) expression, and death domain-associated protein (DAXX) expression in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs).

Abstract

Current prostate cancer (PCa) biomarkers such as PSA are not optimal in
distinguishing cancer from benign prostate diseases and predicting disease outcome.
To discover additional biomarkers, we investigated PCa-specific expression of novel
unannotated transcripts. Using the unique probe design of Affymetrix Human Exon
Arrays, we identified 334 candidates (EPCATs), of which 15 were validated by
RT-PCR. Combined into a diagnostic panel, 11 EPCATs classified 80% of PCa samples

Gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM) is a highly prevalent preneoplastic lesion; however, the molecular mechanisms regulating its development remain unclear. We have previously shown that a population of cells expressing the intestinal stem cell (ISC) marker LGR5 increases remarkably in IM. In this study, we further investigated the molecular characteristics of these LGR5+ cells in IM by examining the expression profile of several ISC markers. Notably, we found that ISC markers-including OLFM4 and EPHB2-are positively associated with the CDX2 expression in non-tumorous gastric tissues.

Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
Enhanced IL-6 expression plays an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). MCPIP1 is a novel post-transcriptional regulator of IL-6 expression and is targeted by miR-9. We investigated the MCPIP1 expression in OA cartilage and explored whether targeting of MCPIP1 by miR-9 contributes to enhanced IL-6 expression in OA.
METHODS: