lncRNA

Interferons (IFNs) play crucial roles in the development and treatment of cancer.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) promote cell proliferation, migration, invasion and castration resistance in prostate cancer (PCa).

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the primary tumors with high incidence in women. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of LINC00473 and underlying mechanisms in BC.

Parathyroid adenomas are slow growing benign neoplasms associated with hypercalcemia, while atypical parathyroid adenomas and parathyroid carcinomas are uncommon tumors and their histologic features may overlap with parathyroid adenomas. LncRNAs participate in transcription and in epigenetic or post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, and probably contribute to carcinogenesis.

While it is now appreciated that certain long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important functions in cell biology, relatively few have been shown to regulate development in vivo, particularly with genetic strategies that establish cis versus trans mechanisms. Pnky is a nuclear-enriched lncRNA that is transcribed divergently from the neighboring proneural transcription factor Pou3f2.

The development of adipose tissue is a precisely coordinated cellular process, in which both protein-coding and non-coding genes are involved. To characterize the in vivo function of a novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs), loss-of-function assays were performed with slincRAD knockdown mice. Down-regulation of slincRAD expression was found to impair the development of adipose tissue, leading to a slim phenotype for both of the male and female mice.

Objective: Spermatogenesis is a complex process which is of vital importance for sexual reproduction. In many studies of spermatogenesis, the mRNAs, protein-coding genes, as well as small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been well characterized. However, there remain numerous questions despite previously characterized molecular mechanisms. Long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) are a relatively new addition to our knowledge of ncRNAs. Limited studies have examined the function of lncRNAs in spermatogenesis.

Abstract

RATIONALE:

Given the paucity of effective treatments for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), new insights into the deleterious mechanisms controlling lung fibroblast activation, the key cell type driving the fibrogenic process, are essential to develop new therapeutic strategies. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is the main pro-fibrotic factor, but its inhibition is associated with severe side effects due to its pleiotropic role.

OBJECTIVES:

Transcription factors (TFs) are dosage-sensitive master regulators of gene expression, with haploinsufficiency frequently leading to life-threatening disease. Numerous mechanisms have evolved to tightly regulate the expression and activity of TFs at the transcriptional, translational, and posttranslational levels.

Pervasive transcription is a feature of the human genome that requires better understanding. Over the last decade or so, RNA species longer than 200 nucleotides-dubbed long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs)-had been found in sense or anti-sense orientation within or outside of genes that encode proteins. Importantly, lncRNA-mediated gene regulation and the elements that control lncRNA expression are a source of fascination among molecular biologists.