Cancer

Gliomas with histone H3 lysine27-to-methionine mutations (H3K27M-glioma) arise primarily in the midline of the central nervous system of young children, suggesting a cooperation between genetics and cellular context in tumorigenesis. Although the genetics of H3K27M-glioma are well characterized, their cellular architecture remains uncharted.

Advanced prostate cancer initially responds to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), but the disease inevitably recurs as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Although CRPC initially responds to abiraterone and enzalutamide, the disease invariably becomes non-responsive to these agents. Novel approaches are required to circumvent resistance pathways and extend survival, but the mechanisms underlying resistance remain poorly defined.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 protein expression is caused by HPV viral DNA integration into human cellular DNA, and is a prerequisite for the development and progression of cervical cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of E7 protein as a biomarker for identification of transformed cervical epithelial cells during the early stages of cervical cancer.

Abstract

Background and Aims

Lgr5 overexpression has been detected in colorectal cancers (CRCs), including some cases of colitis-associated CRCs. In colitis-associated CRCs, chronic inflammation is a contributing factor in carcinogenesis. We recently reported that intestinal sodium/hydrogen exchanger isoform 8 (NHE8) plays an important role in intestinal mucosal protection and that loss of NHE8 expression results in ulcerative colitis (UC)-like condition. Therefore, we hypothesized that NHE8 may be involved in the development of intestinal tumors.

Methods

Abstract

PURPOSE:

Cancer cells sustain their metabolic needs through nutrients and oxygen supplied by the bloodstream. The requirement for tumor angiogenesis has been therapeutically exploited in the clinical setting mainly by means of inhibition of the vascular endothelial growth factor family of ligands and receptors.

Ustekinumab is a human monoclonal antibody selectively targeting the shared p40 subunit of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-23. Its efficacy for the treatment of psoriasis has been well documented in previous trials. We report a rare case of a patient who developed Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue after the commencement of ustekinumab as the treatment of plaque type psoriasis. To our knowledge, no link between ustekinumab and tongue SCC has been demonstrated before. Our report suggests that ustekinumab may induce the development of oral SCC in predisposed individuals.

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is yet to be linked to cancer metabolism.

Precursor-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pre-B ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer, but there are no useful zebrafish pre-B ALL models. We describe the first highly- penetrant zebrafish pre-B ALL, driven by human MYC.

BACKGROUND:

Prostate adenocarcinoma (AdPC) cells can undergo lineage switching to neuroendocrine cells and develop into therapy-resistant neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). While genomic/epigenetic alterations are shown to induce neuroendocrine differentiation via an intermediate stem-like state, RNA splicing factor SRRM4 can transform AdPC cells into NEPC xenografts through a direct neuroendocrine transdifferentiation mechanism. Whether SRRM4 can also regulate a stem-cell gene network for NEPC development remains unclear.

METHODS: