RNAscope

Canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (cDLBCL) is characterized by high mortality and clinical heterogeneity. Although chemo-immunotherapy improves outcome, treatment response remains mainly unpredictable. To identify a set of immune-related genes aberrantly regulated and impacting the prognosis, we explored the immune landscape of cDLBCL by NanoString. The immune gene expression profile of 48 fully clinically characterized cDLBCLs treated with chemo-immunotherapy was analyzed with the NanoString nCounter Canine IO Panel using RNA extracted from tumor tissue paraffin blocks.

Primary female urethral carcinoma (PUC-F) accounts for less than 1% of all genitourinary malignancies and comprises a histologically diverse group of tumors that are usually associated with poor prognosis. The carcinomas documented at this site include adenocarcinoma (clear cell adenocarcinoma, columnar cell carcinoma, and Skene gland adenocarcinoma), urothelial carcinoma (UCa), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Recent studies have shown adenocarcinomas to be the most common type of primary urethral carcinoma in females.

High-grade B-cell lymphoma with 11q aberrations (LBL-11q) resembles Burkitt lymphoma (BL), is negative for MYC rearrangement, and harbors chromosome 11q aberrations. Rare cases of high-grade B-cell lymphoma with concurrent MYC rearrangement and 11q aberrations (HGBCL-MYC-11q) have been described. In this study we report the clinicopathologic, cytogenetic, and molecular findings in 4 such cases. Diagnoses were made on tissue or bone marrow biopsies. Karyotype, fluorescence in situ hybridization, genomic microarray analyses, and next-generation sequencing were performed.

The ability of stem cells to rapidly proliferate and differentiate is integral to the steady-state maintenance of tissues with high turnover such as the blood and intestine. Mutations that alter these processes can cause primary immunodeficiencies, malignancies and defects in barrier function. The Rho-kinases, Rock1 and Rock2, regulate cell shape and cytoskeletal rearrangement, activities essential to mitosis.

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and its expansion to a worldwide pandemic resulted in efforts to assess and develop interventions to reduce the disease burden. Despite the introduction of vaccine programmes against SARS-CoV-2, global incidence levels in early 2022 remained high, demonstrating a need for the development of physiologically relevant models, which are essential for the identification of alternative antiviral strategies.

Ticks are important ectoparasites that are capable of transmitting multiple classes of pathogens and are currently linked with many emerging tick-borne diseases worldwide. With increasing occurrences of tick-borne diseases in both humans and veterinary species, there is a continuous need to further our understanding of ticks and the pathogens they transmit. Whole tick histology provides a full scope of the tick internal anatomy, allowing researchers to examine multiple organs of interest in a single section.

This review considers three aspects of recent work on the role of KNDy neurons in GnRH pulse generation in ruminants. First, work on basic mechanisms of pulse generation includes several tests of this hypothesis, all of which support it, and evidence that Kiss1r-containing neurons form a positive feedback circuit with the KNDy neural network that strengthen the activity of this network.

Tau phosphorylation, aggregation, and toxicity are the main drivers of neurodegeneration in multiple tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with tau. Although aggregation and amyloid formation are often assumed to be synonymous, the ability of tau aggregates in different diseases to form amyloids in vivo has not been systematically studied.

How parasites develop and survive, and how they stimulate or modulate host immune responses are important in understanding disease pathology and for the design of new control strategies. Microarray analysis and bulk RNA sequencing have provided a wealth of data on gene expression as parasites develop through different life-cycle stages and on host cell responses to infection.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is incurable with existing therapies, and therefore presents a significant unmet clinical need. The ability of this disease to overcome therapy, including those that target the B cell receptor pathway which has a pathogenic role in MCL, highlights the need to develop new treatment strategies.