RNAscope Fluorescent Multiplex Assay

Striatal locally projecting neurons, or interneurons, act on nearby circuits and shape functional output to the rest of the basal ganglia. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of striatal cells enriching for interneurons.

Behavioral and molecular characterization of cell-type-specific populations governing fear learning and behavior is a promising avenue for the rational identification of potential 

Cancer cells sustain their metabolic needs through nutrients and oxygen supplied by the bloodstream. The requirement for tumor angiogenesis has been therapeutically exploited in the clinical setting mainly by means of inhibition of the vascular endothelial growth factor family of ligands and receptors.

Genome-wide association studies have repeatedly mapped susceptibility loci for emphysema to genes that modify hedgehog signaling, but the functional relevance of hedgehog signaling to this morbid disease remains unclear. In the current study, we identified a broad population of mesenchymal cells in the adult murine lung receptive to hedgehog signaling, characterized by higher activation of hedgehog surrounding the proximal airway relative to the distal alveoli.

Brain mural cells form a heterogeneous family which significantly contributes to the maintenance of the blood-

This study tested the hypothesis that CRHRs (corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors) in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) contribute to the hypertension induced by intermittent hypoxia (IH) exposure in rats. Initial studies using in situ hybridization revealed low mRNA level of CRHR1 (CRH type 1 receptor) but high mRNA level of CRHR2 (CRH type 2 receptor) in the NTS. Calcium imaging studies on NTS slice preparations using Fura-2-acetoxymethyl ester demonstrated that CRH induced a transient increase of intracellular calcium level.

Precursor-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pre-B ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer, but there are no useful zebrafish pre-B ALL models. We describe the first highly- penetrant zebrafish pre-B ALL, driven by human MYC.

Social stress causes profound urinary bladder dysfunction in children that often continues into adulthood. We discovered that the intensity and duration of social stress influences whether bladder dysfunction presents as overactivity or underactivity.

Voluntary urination ensures that waste is eliminated when safe and socially appropriate, even without a pressing urge. Uncontrolled urination, or incontinence, is a common problem with few treatment options. Normal urine release requires a small region in the brainstem known as Barrington's nucleus (Bar), but specific neurons that relax the urethral sphincter and enable urine flow are unknown. Here we identify a small subset of Bar neurons that control the urethral sphincter in mice.