RNAscope 2.0 Assay

The differentiation of alveolar epithelial type I (AT1) and type II (AT2) cells is essential for the lung gas exchange function. Disruption of this process results in neonatal death or in severe lung diseases that last into adulthood. We developed live imaging techniques to characterize the mechanisms that control alveolar epithelial cell differentiation.

Total body irradiation (TBI) leads to dose- and tissue-specific lethality. In the current study, we demonstrate that a mitochondrion-targeted nitroxide JP4-039 given once 24 hours after 9–10 Gy TBI significantly improves mouse survival, and the recovery of intestinal barrier, differentiation and stem cell functions. The GI-protective effects are associated with rapid and selective induction of tight junction proteins and cytokines including TGF-β, IL-10, IL-17a, IL-22 and Notch signaling long before bone marrow depletion.

Cytokine production is essential for follicular dendritic cell maintenance and organization of germinal centres. In follicular lymphoma, follicular dendritic cells are often disarrayed and may lack antigens indicative of terminal differentiation.

Glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSD1a) is an inherited metabolic disorder caused by the deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase). GSD1a is associated with life-threatening hypoglycemia and long-term liver and renal complications. We examined the efficacy of mRNA-encoding human G6Pase in a liver-specific G6Pase-/- mouse model (L-G6PC--/-) that exhibits the same hepatic biomarkers associated with GSD1a patients, such as fasting hypoglycemia, and elevated levels of hepatic glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), glycogen, and triglycerides.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) arises in many glandular tissues and contributes to the most common malignant salivary gland cancers.

ABASTRACT To determine PD1/PDL1 expression status in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) at both protein and mRNA levels, and to analyze the relationship between their expression and clinical parameters of the TNBC patients.

Undifferentiated spermatogonia comprise a pool of stem cells and progenitor cells that show heterogeneous expression of markers, including the cell surface receptor GFRα1. Technical challenges in isolation of GFRα1+ versus GFRα1- undifferentiated spermatogonia have precluded the comparative molecular characterization of these subpopulations and their functional evaluation as stem cells.

We report a case of an adolescent who presented at our emergency department with acute abdominal pain. While the initial diagnosis was acute appendicitis, a secondary and coincidental diagnosis of primary HIV-1 infection was made. Concurrent and subsequent clinical and molecular biology findings form the basis of our argument that primary HIV-1 infection was the cause of acute appendicitis in this individual.

Abstract

STUDY QUESTION:

Is the Transmembrane BAX Inhibitor Motif-6 (TMBIM6) involved in the molecular mechanism by which cisplatin causes reproductive toxicity?

SUMMARY ANSWER:

TMBIM6 protects against cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity through up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1),-which maintains the levels of steroidogenic enzymes by decreaseing oxidative stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY:

Abstract

AIM:

To determine whether intestinal expression of guanylate cyclase activator 2A (GUCA2A) and guanylate cyclase activator 2B (GUCA2B) genes is regulated in obese humans following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and to evaluate the corresponding guanylin (GN) and uroguanylin (UGN) peptides for potentially contributing to the beneficial metabolic effects of RYGB.

METHODS: