Publication

The placenta is an essential organ that regulates and maintains mammalian development in utero. The placenta is responsible for the transfer of nutrients and waste between the mother and fetus and the production and delivery of growth factors and hormones. Placental genetic manipulations in mice are critical for understanding the placenta's specific role in prenatal development. Placental-specific Cre-expressing transgenic mice have varying effectiveness, and other methods for placental gene manipulation can be useful alternatives.

Since the first HIV-cured person was reported in 2009, a strong interest in developing highly sensitive HIV and SIV reservoir assays has emerged. In particular, the question arose about the comparative value of state-of-the-art assays to measure and characterize the HIV reservoir, and how these assays can be applied to accurately detect changes in the reservoir during efforts to develop a cure for HIV infection.

GD2 and GD3 are disialoganglioside oncofetal antigens important in oncogenesis. GD2 synthase (GD2S) and GD3 synthase (GD3S) are needed for GD2 and GD3 production. The objectives of this study are to validate the use of RNA in situ hybridization (RNAscope ) in the detection of GD2S and GD3S in canine histiocytic sarcoma (HS) in vitro and optimize this technique in canine formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. A secondary objective is to evaluate the prognostic significance of GD2S and GD3S on survival.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a consolidated technique for the identification of surface and cytoplasmic antigens in cells or tissue sections using specific antibodies, yet simultaneous detection of two markers on the same cell may be difficult to achieve. Here we develop a protocol to perform a double staining using RNAscope, a new in-situ hybridization (ISH) technology, to visualize perforin transcripts, and classical IHC to visualize either CD8 or TcRγδ positive intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in small intestinal paraffin sections of celiac disease (CD) patients.

Transient receptor potential melastatin 3 (TRPM3) channels contribute to nodose afferent and brainstem nucleus tractus solitarii (nTS) activity. Exposure to short, sustained hypoxia (SH) and chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) enhances nTS activity, although the mechanisms are unknown. We hypothesized TRPM3 may contribute to increased neuronal activity in nTS-projecting nodose ganglia viscerosensory neurons, and its influence is elevated following hypoxia. Rats were exposed to either room air (normoxia), 24-h of 10 % O2 (SH), or CIH (episodic 6 % O2 for 10d).

A meta-analysis study was conducted to measure the consequence of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and other risk factors (RFs) on the prevalence of lower extremity amputation (LEA). A comprehensive literature inspection till February 2023 was applied and 2765 interrelated studies were reviewed. Of the 32 chosen studies enclosed, 9934 subjects were in the chosen studies' starting point, and 2906 of them were with LEA.

Leptin regulates energy balance via leptin receptors expressed in central and peripheral tissues, but little is known about leptin-sensitive kidney genes, and the role of tubular leptin receptor (Lepr) in response to a high fat diet (HF). Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of Lepr splice variants A, B and C revealed a ratio of ~100:10:1 in mouse kidney cortex and medulla with medullary levels being ~10x higher.

Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) is a novel porcine circovirus that has been detected in pigs showing various clinical and pathological conditions, as well as in many asymptomatic pigs. The pathogenesis of PCV3 infection in pigs remains unclear. To evaluate the in vivo growth and pathogenicity of PCV3, we performed two experiments on PCV3 infection in laboratory-grade miniature pigs with strictly controlled genetic backgrounds and microbiological status. A PCV3 passage experiment confirmed PCV3 genome detection in the sera and multiple organs via in vivo serial passage generations.

Objectives To investigate the upstream regulatory molecules of proteasomal activator 28γ (PA28γ), and explore its specific regulatory mechanism and potential clinical significance in OSCC. Materials and methods qPCR was used to examine miR-34a, circFANCA and PSME3 expression. Western blotting was adopted to detect PA28γ expression. Transwell experiments were conducted to evaluate OSCC cell migration and invasion ability. FISH was used to evaluate the subcellular localization of circFANCA and miR-34a, and RNA pull-down verified the interaction between them.

The identification of additional lipid mediators, enzymes, and receptors revealed an expanded endocannabinoid system (ECS) called the endocannabinoidome (eCBome). Furthermore, eCBome research using wild type and genetically modified mice indicate the involvement of this system in modulating alcohol induced neuroinflammatory alterations associated with behavioral impairments and the release of proinflammatory cytokines.